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Retaining Wall in Bobrza


General

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In 1610-1613 Wawrzyniec and Jan Caccia built the first blast furnace and three forges in Poland. Bobrza was at that time the centre of a larger complex of seven forges, which produced cannons, bullets, swords and boilers.

Bobrza in its prime belonged to the estate of Cracow bishops. At the beginning of the 17th century, bishop Piotr Tylicki family brought from Bergamo a family of Italian steelworkers, entrusting them with the expansion of existing forges. In 1610-1613 Wawrzyniec and Jan Caccia built the first blast furnace and three forges in Poland. Bobrza was at that time the centre of a larger complex of seven forges, which produced cannons, bullets, swords and boilers.

With the new technology of Italian steelworkers iron was obtained as a fluid mass. The blast furnace was destroyed in the 1750s. Only the weir damming water and residual slag, located approximately 1 km south from the remains of the 19th century blast furnace, survived to our times. New plant design developed in the first quarter of the 19th century envisaged construction of five blast furnaces located at the foot of a high slope, from which they were to be charged. Until the work was interrupted by the outbreak of the November Uprising, they erected massive retaining walls for the factory site, with two ore storehouses, four bevels, three ovens for roasting ore, factory housing estate and a water system to supply water for moving the equipment. Today, we can admire the impressive remains of the retaining wall with length of 500 m, width at the base of 5 m and 3.5 m at the crown. At the south-west corner it reaches 17m height.
A portion of the factory housing estate also survived - including the plant master house and utility buildings. Buildings and stables are occupied and used – they are private property.
In the late 19th century, a water grain mill was built at the foot of the south-west corner of the retaining wall, on the right bank of the old factory channel. It worked until a fire in 1933. The current one - in place of the burnt one - worked even at the turn of 1950s and 1960s.
The property is open for sightseeing around the clock.

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Bobrza
Provins: ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE
Breddegrad og længdegrad: 50.9801010844988,20.519757270813
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